Correct Answer Carbohydrate metabolism is mainly concerned with glucose metabolism which is the body’s preferred source of glucose. When digesting foodstuffs – polysaccharides and disaccharides (complex carbohydrates) are broken down to become monosaccharides (simple sugars - glucose, fructose, galactose). These simple sugars are absorbed in the small intestine and then transport to the liver – some glucose is utilised by cells for energy – some is stored in the liver as glycogen. The rate of glucose transport is aided by insulin. When a persons blood sugar level is high (eg: following a meal) – more insulin is released by the islets of langerhans to encourage facilitated diffusion of glucose into the cells – this will lower the blood sugar levels back to normal. If a persons blood sugar level is low – glucagon is released from the pancreas to convert glycogen (stored glucose in liver) back to glucose for use by the cells – this will elevate the blood sugar levels back to normal. Therefore insulin and glucagon have opposing actions but should work in harmony to keep blood sugars regular. When a person has diabetes – the ability to secrete insulin is impaired.
Why is vitamin D important in pregnancy?
Correct Answer Vitamin D is important as it, helps to ensure stores in the baby's liver at birth via the placenta and reduces baby's risk of developing rickets.
Which of the following groups of foods shoulds be avoided in pregnancy?
Correct Answer Liver, pate, cod liver supplements as well as brie cheese, home-made mayonnaise should be avoided during pregnancy.
