BRAS Project - Breast Reconstruction with Auxetic Supports
Overview
Capsular contracture, a common complication of breast implants, causes pain and distortion due to scar tissue tightening around the implant. Current scaffolds like polymeric and acellular dermal meshes improve biocompatibility, while antibiotic-coated polypropylene meshes reduce contracture risk. Auxetic structures, which expand in all directions when stretched and form dome-like surfaces when bent, offer unique benefits for implants, including better fit, reduced rupture risk, natural movement, improved tissue integration, less rippling, and customization. This project develops 3D-printed, drug-eluting auxetic meshes from biodegradable polymers to address implant failure, displacement, complications, and capsular contracture, improving functional and aesthetic outcomes.
The global rise in breast cancer has increased the demand for safer, more effective reconstruction methods. Capsular contracture remains a significant complication, causing discomfort and frequent revision surgeries. Auxetic materials, with their unique mechanical behavior, offer a novel solution to this persistent issue. Recent advances in 3D printing and biodegradable polymers make this the ideal time to develop custom auxetic meshes, aligning the project with cutting-edge biomedical innovation.
Auxetic materials exhibit a negative Poisson’s ratio, expanding laterally when stretched and contracting when compressed, unlike conventional materials. While they have been explored in various engineering and biomedical contexts, their application in breast implants is new. Their ability to form dome-like, synclastic surfaces—where every point has positive Gaussian curvature—makes them especially promising for breast reconstruction.
The use of auxetic structures in breast implants could offer several benefits:
Improved Fit and Comfort: Enhanced conformity to natural breast contours, adapting to movement.
Reduced Rupture Risk: Greater adaptability and resilience compared to conventional gel or saline-filled implants.
Natural Movement: Better mimicry of native tissue dynamics.
Customization: Mechanical properties can be tailored to individual patient needs.
Tissue Integration: Potential for improved integration, reducing complications such as capsular contracture.
Reduced Rippling: Potential to minimize visible implant wrinkling.
This project aims to develop custom, 3D-printed, drug-eluting auxetic meshes from biodegradable polymers for use in breast implants. The goal is to reduce capsular contracture and improve overall patient outcomes.
Ultimately, the project could lead to commercial partnerships, advancing the clinical translation of auxetic metamaterials. This would establish the UK as a leader in medical metamaterials and open new pathways for innovation in healthcare.
Advanced Additive Manufacturing and Materials Characterisation – This project involves hands-on experience with state-of-the-art 3D printing techniques and biodegradable polymers, equipping students with technical skills highly valued in both academia and the medical device industry.
Multiscale Computational Modelling of Auxetic Structures – Students will gain expertise in simulating and optimizing auxetic designs, including mechanical behaviour prediction under physiological conditions, a critical skill for roles in biomedical engineering, materials science, and R&D sectors.
Medical Device Development and Regulatory Awareness – Exposure to the design, testing, and translational aspects of implantable devices provides valuable insight into real-world constraints, including biocompatibility, sterilization, and CE/FDA regulatory considerations.
This PhD will position the candidate at the forefront of biomedical materials research, with direct exposure to industry-relevant technologies and potential collaboration with medical device companies. The interdisciplinary nature of the project opens pathways to careers in R&D, advanced manufacturing, and regulatory science. Graduates will be well-prepared for competitive postdoctoral opportunities and active engagement in high-impact research communities focused on biomaterials, tissue engineering, and medical metamaterials.
This is a joint project of School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Department of Pharmacy. This project sits at the intersection of biomedical engineering, materials science, and advanced manufacturing, offering a truly interdisciplinary research experience. It combines cutting-edge techniques in 3D printing, auxetic metamaterials, and biodegradable polymers to address a major clinical challenge. The integration of computational modelling, experimental validation, and medical device design fosters innovation and provides a dynamic environment for candidates eager to work across disciplines and drive real-world impact in healthcare.
Funding Information
UK studentships - cover tuition fees and include a maintenance stipend of £20,780 per annum, together representing an investment in your education of more than £75,000.
A UK studentship is open to UK and ROI nationals, and to EU nationals with settled status in the UK, subject to meeting specific nationality and residency criteria.
DfE studentship eligibility information can be viewed at: https://www.economy-ni.gov.uk/publications/student-finance-postgraduate-studentships-terms-and-conditions
Project Summary
Dr Zafer Kazanci
Full-time: Full Time